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- Hints for FractaSketch
- ----------------------
-
- In order to use the program FractaSketch to the fullest, I have compiled
- a bunch of miscellaneous intelligent and hare-brained comments and tips,
- which are listed forthwith.
-
- In the following hints I use the term “template” to mean the simple
- connected figure of line segments which is entered through the
- Template menu. The term “teragon” is used to mean the fractal as it
- is drawn, with all drawing properties selected from the Draw, Scale,
- Mode, and Line menus. This comes from “tera” (for a huge quantity),
- and “gon” (as in polygon), to mean a polygon with a huge number of
- sides. The term “teragon” is coined in Mandelbrot's book.
-
- FractaSketch can only be run on a 512K Mac, as it uses
- more than 100K of memory for program and data. Sorry, folks.
-
- Drawing
- -------
-
- When any change is made to a teragon's drawing properties it is redrawn
- immediately. This allows for rapid viewing of changes without having to
- choose a level from the Draw menu.
-
- “Set Position” allows you to set where on the screen drawing will take
- place. Select it and then click and drag. The drawing will be moved.
- Pressing a key without clicking the mouse will cancel the command.
-
- “Centered” will initialize the teragon size and position. If you are lost
- with too many scale and position changes it lets you find your way back
- quickly.
-
- “Higher Level” in the Draw menu allows the level to go beyond 10, for
- very detailed drawings. The spirals are a good example of this.
- This is only usable if the number of active segments (i.e. attribute
- different from 9 or 0) is one or two. Execution time can increase beyond
- the estimated life of the universe, but will always remain finite.
- The maximum level allowed in this version is 100.
-
- Templates
- ---------
-
- When entering a template it is preferable to choose menu entries through
- the keyboard. Using the mouse works too, but it's not a pretty sight with
- the moving segment tagging along!
-
- The “Undo” command allows any number of segments to be removed from a
- template.
-
- There is a limit on the number of segments in a template. In this
- version of FractaSketch it is 100. The program will beep if you attempt
- to go beyond that limit. A beep is also given as a warning when you are
- ten segments short of the maximum.
-
- Always use the hex grid or the square grid when entering a template,
- unless the segments must have special lengths. The small square grid
- is a compromise in which positioning is easier than with no grid.
-
- If a template has only one segment, or if the beginning point coincides
- with the ending point, the program will not let you complete entering it.
-
- The vertical coordinate of the last point of a template is fudged by the
- program so the template is horizontal. This is necessary for the
- recursive drawing algorithm.
-
- With the “Save Fractal” command a teragon is stored as a text file. The
- picture itself is not stored, only the information necessary to recreate it.
- All of the fractal's internal state information is stored.
-
- The “Save as TEXT” and “Save as PICT” commands allow the fractal to be saved
- in TEXT or PICT format. The PICT file can be read by MacDraw or other drawing
- programs. The TEXT file can be read and modified directly by a text editor
- and read by FractaSketch. This allows you to inspect and change the teragon
- indirectly, by fiddling with the numbers.
-
- The “Open Fractal” command checks the format of the file to make sure it
- represents a teragon. It can read TEXT files and fractal files. It does NOT
- check for consistency of data. Only some of the data is needed to actually
- draw the teragon, but it is advised to keep the data consistent when altering
- it so later additions to FractaSketch will work.
-
- The representation of a teragon in a file:
- (An asterix means the datum must be correct for correct drawing)
- First line: string “D=x.xxxx” (D=dimension of the fractal).
- Second line:
- * Number of points (=number of segments+1) (integer),
- Third line:
- * Drawing scale (fixed point),
- * Horizontal drawing origin (fixed point,hex),
- * Vertical drawing origin (fixed point,hex),
- * Level of drawing (integer),
- * Pensize of drawing (integer),
- * Mode of drawing (integer).
- Following lines:
- (except that the fourth line is not used for drawing purposes)
- Horizontal coordinate of point (fixed point,hex),
- Vertical coordinate of point (fixed point,hex),
- * Scaled segment length (fixed point,hex),
- Attribute number (integer),
- Absolute angle of segment (float),
- * Relative angle between this segment and previous one (float),
- * Backward orientation flag (1=draw backwards,0=forwards),
- * Bottom out recursion flag (1=stop recursion,0=continue),
- * Invert drawing flag (1=invert drawing of this segment),
- * Left orientation flag (1=draw left, 0=draw right).
-
- The theoretical dimension (rightmost menu “D=x.xxxx”) is accurate in
- most cases, unless there are overlapping segments. It uses the formula
- Sum(scaled segment lengths^D) = 1. All segments are used in this sum
- except those for which recursion bottoms out.
-
- “Empirical Dimension” will determine the dimension by counting pixels
- in two teragons of different scale. This approximates the definition of
- the Hausdorff-Besicovitch dimension. The calculation takes several
- minutes, and the accuracy leaves much to be desired. Usually it is one
- decimal place. Please let me know if you know of a more accurate method.
-
- Artistic Hints
- --------------
-
- It is quite difficult to create a teragon with dimension close to 2
- without lots of self-contact. Try it! If you can create a teragon with
- dimension 1.90 or higher without self-contact let me know! The Peano curve
- “Flowsnake” has lots of twists and turns, but no self-contact until the
- limit isreached.
-
- If you can find teragons which are recognizable forms please let me
- know. Any form is good: country outlines, cars, faces, even Dali-esque
- stuff. And of course, the simpler the template (less segments) the
- better. The teragon “La France” only has four segments.
-
- Some teragons look completely random. Others are symmetric to the
- extreme. Yet others are hybrids of these two kinds. Is it possible to
- tell the degree of “randomness” by looking at the template alone?
-
- This package contains a lot of variation. But I think even more variation is
- possible. Create some wild stuff!
-
- A good addition to the present program would be a template editor,
- which would allow templates to be changed easily with the mouse,
- with a dynamically changing display showing what the teragon looks
- like. What do you think?